1.perspective[pə'spektɪv]
n.观点;远景;透视图
【解析】per“每”,spect“看”
真题例句:It allows us to have perspective on our lives----the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out.它让我们对生活有了认识——不太把自己当回事,嘲笑自己,增长见识,以及明白一切终将变好。(2016真题例句)
2.oblige[əˈblaɪdʒ] vt. 强制,强迫;使负债务;使感激 真题例句:Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so.收到“请勿跟踪”信号无法迫使任何一家广告商停止跟踪用户的在线行为,尽管有些公司已经承诺会这么做。(2013真题例句) oblige 和force有什么区别 oblige 迫使(某人)做某事 Falling profits obliged them to close the factory. (利润下降迫使他们关闭这家工厂) force 强迫(某人做某事) He forced her to give him the key. (他强迫她交出钥匙) 3.essential [ɪ'senʃ(ə)l] adj. 基本的;必要的 n. 本质;要素 【解析】essence“精华” 真题例句: I think that,for the majority of scientific papers nowadays,statistical review is more essential than expert review,he says. 我认为,对如今大多数科技论文来说,统计审核比专家评审更重要,他说。(2015真题例句) 4. membership ['membəʃɪp] n. 资格;成员资格;会员身份 【解析】member“成员”,ship名词后缀 真题例句:It can be learned from the first paragraph that unions have enlarged their public-sector membership. 通过第一段我们可以得知工会增加了其公共部门会员的人数。(2012真题例句) 5.launch [lɔ:ntʃ] v. 发射;开始;开展(活动、计划等) 真题例句:That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.这是我们创办《Arc》杂志的原因之一,这本新的出版物专注于近期的未来。(2013真题例句) 6.merit ['merɪt] n. 优点,价值;功绩 真题例句:Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.沃克斯说,《科学》杂志把一些论文交给统计人员处理的注意“有一定的好处,但缺陷在于,它依赖于编辑审核小组首先确定需要审核的论文’”。(2015真题例句) 词汇辨析 advantage/merit/virtue advantage的主要意思是“优势,好处”,为可数名词,常用于短语take advantage of sth.; merit的主要意思是“优点,长处,好处,可取之处”,是可数名词,也是不可数名词; virtue的主要意思是“美德,品德,优点”,主要从事物的品质或价值的角度讲优点。 例:I said we could see certain advantages in a change. 我是说我们可以在改变中看到其优势。 He knew the merit of his work. 他了解他的工作的优点。 One of his virtues is that he never gets angry. 他的美德之一就是他从不生气。 7.dispute ['dɪs'pjʊt] n. 辩论;争吵vt. 辩论;怀疑 【解析】dis“不”,put“放置” 真题例句:Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this. 另一个因素可能是更多的人们在努力地过度填塞他们的随身行李以节省托运行李的费用,虽然航空公司强烈反对这种行为。(2017真题例句) n. 意图;目的;意向;愈合 真题例句:Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy. 时间,而不是奖项设立的目的,已经赋予了诺贝尔奖合理性。(2014真题例句) intention 和purpose 的区别 首先intention只能做名词,purpose还可以做动词表示打算的意思,做名词时,他们的意思有点像,都有目的的意思,其实两个都比较书面语,不过intention的目的有意图,倾向的意思,而purpose表示的比较正式的的目的,如会议目的,提供资金的目的。 9.switch [swɪtʃ] vt. 转换,开关 真题例句:At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. 例如在波士顿大学,如果你要从其他系转到护理学院你必须额外完成一年学业。(2017真题例句) 【知识拓展】波士顿大学(Boston University),简称BU,创办于1839年,是美国一所历史悠久的顶尖私立大学,同时也是全美第三大私立大学,坐落在马萨诸塞州(麻省)的波士顿市中心,与哈佛大学、麻省理工学院隔河相对,昵称为“波士顿小狗”(宠物狗Terrier亦是该校标志之一)。波士顿大学在2012年成为北美顶尖大学协会美国大学协会(AAU)的62所成员校之一;2013年,波士顿大学成为爱国者联盟(在美国仅次于常春藤联盟的大学联盟)的成员之一。 10.caution ['kɔːʃ(ə)n] n. 小心,谨慎;警告vt. 警告 真题例句:But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with caution. 尽管有无数的理由称赞电脑,但我们还必须小心谨慎。(2012真题例句)8.intention [ɪn'tenʃ(ə)n]