2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语（二）参考答案
英语（二）参考答案
1-5 BACAD 6-10 ACCDB 11-15 ABCDB 16-20 DADCB
21-25 BADBC 26-30 ACBAD 31-35 BADDC 36-40 BCACD
41-45 DEGCA
46. 参考译文
大多数人都会把乐观定义为永远快乐，觉得杯子里总有半杯水。但这恰恰不是真正的快乐，积极心理学家们并不提倡。哈佛大学教授塔尔·本·沙哈尔说：“健康的乐观意味着不脱离现实。”按照本-沙哈尔的说法，现实的乐观主义者是那些不管发生什么事情都力求从中得到最大收获的人，而不是那些指望凡事都有最好结局的人。
本·沙哈尔运用三种方法保持乐观。当他情绪低落时——比如说一次课没讲好——他会宽容自己，承认自已是凡人。他提醒自己，不是每堂课都有获诺贝尔奖的水准；总会有一些课的效果不如别的课。第二种方法是回顾。他分析讲得不好的课，为以后汲取有用的经验和失败的教训。最后，还有视角问题，要认识到在宏大的生命长卷里，一堂课真的不算什么。
47. 参考范文
Dear John,
I am Li Ming who will be your roommate and live together with you in the same apartment. Now I am writing this letter to discuss with you something about each other’s habits and ask you for some suggestions to make us get along better.
To begin with, I usually get up early in the morning at six o’clock and then go out to do some exercise. To continue, I would like to spend my spare time in cooking some Chinese dishes at home. Meanwhile, I wonder maybe you could give me some special living rules that should be respected in your country. I believe we will live a more harmonious life after we get to know each other.
I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
文章翻译
亲爱的约翰,
我是即将成为你室友的李明，和你一起住在同一个宿舍。现在我写这封信是想和你讨论一些彼此的习惯，并想让你给一些让我们相处得更好的建议。
首先，我通常早上六点起床，然后出去锻炼。我还喜欢平时在家里做一些中国菜。同时，我想知道你是否可以告诉我一些在你们国家应该尊重的特殊的生活规范，我相信在我们互相了解之后会相处得更加和谐。
我期待着不久之后就见到你。
真诚的，
李明
48. 参考范文
What is clearly presented in the above chart is the different numbers of urban residents and rural population among 1990 to 2010. The number of urban residents climbed steadily from 300 million to 660 million, while rural population decreased slightly from about 820 million to 680 million.
It is not difficult to come up with some possible factors accounting for this phenomenon. Firstly, due to the lack of job opportunities and low wages in rural areas, many people preferred to go to cities in search of employment. Secondly, with the rapid development of economy and society, the increase in urban population is a sure indication of economic achievement. Meanwhile, the economy in the rural districts has been comparative less developed than that that in urban areas in the 20 years. As a result, the developed regions have always attracted millions of people who want to improve their living standards.
From the above analysis, I firmly believe that such established trend will surely continue for quite a while in the forthcoming years. Both the government and individuals should pay attention to this irreversible trend.
文章翻译
图表中清楚地显示出1990年到2010年间城市人口和农村人口的不同数量。城市人口由3亿稳定增长到6.6亿，农村人口由8.2亿小幅下降到6.8亿。
以下几个原因可以解释这一现象。首先，由于农村地区工作机会缺乏以及薪资水平低，多数人更愿意去城市寻找就业机会。其次，随着经济和社会的快速发展，城市人口的增长无疑标志着经济发展良好。同时，农村地区的经济发展相对较慢。因此经济发达地区总能吸引来数以百万的想要提高生活标准的人。
经分析，我坚信这种趋势肯定会在未来的几年里持续相当久一段时间。政府和公民都应该关注这一不可逆转的趋势。
