所谓看书几遍，不如真题一遍。真题虽然年年变，但从实际来看，大家会发现往年考过的知识点还是会不断的重复出题。为什么说真题重要?因为真题反映的是命题人的思想!作为考生与命题人交流的唯一资料和途径就是真题。所以读题要读命题人的思想，读懂了命题人的思想，就能赢得考试。因此，天任考研小编为大家整理了“广东财经大学2023考研真题：804-英语写作与翻译”相关内容，希望给同学们的专业课备考提供帮助!
广东财经大学2023考研真题：804-英语写作与翻译
适用专业：050201英语语言文学
[友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效!]
PartIWriting(100分)
1.SummaryWriting(40分)
Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andwriteasummaryofabout300wordsforitinyourownwords.Directlycopyingsentencesfromthepassagewillresultindeductionofgrades.WritedownyoursummaryontheAnswerSheet.
UnderstandingCulture
Theoretically,humanverbalcommunicationcanbeconsideredaprocesswithtwoextremeends:intraculturalcommunicationandinterculturalcommunication.However,communicatorsarepracticallyalwaysbetween,closerorfurthertooneoftheends,creatingandinterpretingmeaningbyusingtheirexistinglinguistictools.Soitwouldbeamistaketotalkaboutadichotomy.Thereisnosuchthingaspureintraculturalcommunicationorinterculturalcommunication.Whatwehaveissomethinginbetween,onacontinuumwiththetwohypotheticalends.IbelievethatthisapproachcanhelpusbetterunderstandELF(EnglishasLinguaFranca).Butbeforeweexplainhowthecontinuumworksweneedtodefinecultureasunderstoodinthisbook.WeadoptBatesandPlog’sdefinitionaccordingtowhichcultureis“thesystemofsharedbeliefs,norms,values,customs,behaviors,andartifactsthatthemembersofsocietyusetocopewiththeirworldandwithoneanother”(1980:6).However,culturecannotbeseenassomethingthatis“carved”ineverymemberofaparticularsocietyorcommunity.Itcanbemade,changed,manipulated,anddroppedonthespot.Infact,itisnotculturethatcanbechanged,manipulated,anddroppedintalkandlifeingeneralbutitsmanifestation.Gumperz(1982)andGumperzandRoberts(1991)talkedaboutthefactthat“culture”isnotpresentincommunicationinthe“old”senseofatranscendentidentitythatiscomposedofvaluesandnormsandlinearlyrelatedtoformsofbehavior.Culturalphenomenainspeecharecontingent,situational,andemergentinnature.ThemainargumentoftheapproachrepresentedbyGumperz,Hymes,Blommaert,Rampton,andothersisthatthereisnosinglelanguage,culture,orcommunicativestyle.Whatwehaveislanguage,culture,andcommunicativestyleinstantiatedinseveralgroupandindividualvarieties.Ininterculturalcommunication,speakershavea“repertoire”ofvarietiesofstyles,andacombinationofstyles,whicharedeployedaccordingtocommunicativeneedsinthechangingcontext.Thenationalityorethnicmembershipofpeoplemaysuggestthepossibilityofethnicorculturalmarkingincommunicativebehavior.However,theinterplayofseveraldifferentfactorsaffectstheemergenceof“ethnically”or“culturallymarked”aspectsofcommunicativebehaviorthatismostfrequentlydominatedbyotherthanculturalfactors.Thisapproach,however,shouldnotmeanthatthereisnothingrelativelystableandunifyinginculture.Onthisissue,thereisasignificantdifferencebetweentheconstructivistviewrepresentedbyBlommaert,Gumperz,andRamptonandthesocio-cognitiveapproachpromotedbyKecskes(2010,2013,2014).Thedifferencebetweentheconstructivistviewandthesocio-cognitiveapproachliesintheunderstandingofthenatureofexisting“communicativerepertoires”andthewaystheserepertoiresaredeployed.Accordingtothesocio-cognitiveapproach,existingcommunicativerepertoireshavebeendevelopedfrompriorexperienceandcommunicativeencountersinalanguageorlanguagesincludingthecommonlanguageofcommunication,thatis,EnglishinELF(Kecskes2013b).Whattheonline,insitucreationofculturemeansissimilartowhatonline,actualmeaningconstructionmeans:thebringingaboutofsomethingrelativelynewneededintheactualsituationalcontextbyusingandblendingexistingrepertoiresandnewlyemergentelementsCulture,justlikemeaning,ischaracterizedbybothregularityandvariety.Itcertainlyismorethanjustanonlinecreatedandco-constructedphenomenon.Incommunication,interlocutorscanrelyontwotypesofrepositoryofpriorexperienceandencounters:lexicalunitsandcommunicativestyles.Likelexicalitems,culturalpatterns(oftenexpressedindifferentcommunicativestyles)codepriorexperienceandencounters,i.e.,relativelystandardculturalbehaviormodelsandexpectationswhichareactivatedinagivensituationalcontext.Hereis,forinstance,anexchangebetweenalibrarianandastudent(bothnonnativespeakersofEnglish)
STUDENT:-Iamreturningthesebooks.
LIBRARIAN:-CanIseeyourlibrarycard,please?
STUDENT:-Hereyouare...
LIBRARIAN:-Doyouwanttoextendtheduedateofanyofthesebooks?
STUDENT:-No,thankyou.
LIBRARIAN:-Hereisyourcard.Youareallset.
Aswecansee,inthecourseoftheinteractiontheseexistingmodels(librarian–customerframe)aremodifiedandblendedwithsituationallyemergentnewelements(adhocgeneratedexpressions).Thisprocessofblendingthatreliesbothonexistingandemergingfactorsconstitutesthecommunicativeencounter.Blendingmeansjoiningexistingandemergingelements/factorsintonewintercultures.Sointheinteraction,thecommunicativerepertoiresofspeakersarenotjustdeployedbutareactuallymodifiedandblendedwithemergingelementsastheprocessdevelops.
Thesocio-cognitiveapproachemphasizesthatthis“interculture”creationmeansnotjustputtingtogetherwhatwehaveandbringingaboutathirdphenomenonwhichisneitherthisnorthat,butactuallygivingsensetothecommunicativerepertoiresandchangingthembyrelatingthemtotheactualsituationalcontextthatalsoaddstoortakesawaysomethingfromwhatisexisting.Culturalconstructsandmodelschangediachronically,whileculturalrepresentationandspeechproductionbyindividualschangessynchronically.FromtheperspectiveofELF,itisimportantthattheparticipantsinthisconversationrelyonexistingENLpatterns(interactionframebetweenlibrarianandcustomer).Theyarecomfortablewiththoseinthiscontextbecausetheybothknowthemquitewell.Sothereisnoproblemforthemtobehaveaccordingtotherequirementsofthegivenculturalpattern.However,thisisnotalwaysthecaseinELFwhentheculturalframeismissing,isnotrecognizedbytheparties,orisinterpreteddifferentlybythem.
2.EssayWriting(60分)
Directions:
AccordingtoResolutionoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaontheMajorAchievementsandHistoricalExperienceofthePartyoverthePastCentury,“Wemustadheretoapeople-centeredapproachinideologicalwork,upholdsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,rallypublicsupport,fosteranewgenerationwithsoundvaluesandethics,developChineseculture,andbuildabetternationalimage.”
InwhatwayscanabetternationalimageofChinabebuilt,inyouropinion?
Writenolessthan800wordsontheAnswerSheet.
PartIITranslation(50分)
1.English-ChineseTranslation(25分)
Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.
Brandsacrificeinitiallyhitmeasathrough-the-looking-glassmomentinwhicheverythingisturnedupside-down.However,diggingmoredeeply,Ifoundevidencethatresponsiblecompanyactionmaybeonewayofundoingwhatmorethanacenturyofgrowingconsumerismhascreated—andbusinessisbenefittingintheprocess.TakePatagonia(巴塔哥尼亚，户外品牌),forexample.Thecompanyisseveralyearsintoa“buyless”campaignthataskscurrentcustomerstowearwhattheyhaveuntilitisthreadbare.Theresult:anincreaseinsales.CEOYvonChouinard(伊冯•乔纳德)toldInc.magazine,“Iknowitsoundscrazy,buteverytimeIhavemadeadecisionthatisbestfortheplanet,Ihavemademoney.Ourcustomersknowthat—andtheywanttobepartofthatenvironmentalcommitment.”Whatisnotcleariswhethertheseareoldcustomersfeelinggoodabouttradingup,ornewcustomersmigratingfrombrandslesswillingtosacrifice.
Luthy(卢西)toldmethatconsumersarerewarding“humanbrands”thatdisplayhonesty,transparency,andawillingnesstoadmitwhentheyarewrong.Brandsacrificealsoreflectstheideathatconsumersareholdingcompaniestostricterstandardsthantheyholdforthemselves.Henotedthatmanypeoplethinkit’sagoodideatotakefewerflightsingeneral,butdatarevealsthatairtravelisup—fewindividualsseemwillingtocuttheirownflying.Whenitcomestocorporatebehavior,however,Luthysaysthat“nohypocrisyisallowed,andthestandardsaregettinghigher.”TheTrendWatchingreportcitesanAccenture/HavasMedia(埃森哲/哈瓦斯传媒)studythatshowedthat72percentofrespondentsfeltthat“businessisfailingtotakecareoftheplanetandsocietyasawhole.”
Companiesmayactuallybeinthebestpositiontomakesuchsacrifices;theirstrategiesoftenrequirelong-termvisionandcommitments.Forexample,thecompaniesintheRoundtableonSustainablePalmOilunderstandthatiftheydon’thelpcreateanecologicallyviablesupplyofthisvitalingredient,theirvaluechainswillberiskierandlessresilient.
2.Chinese-EnglishTranslation(25分)
Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.
中国诗人于花中最爱梅(plum)花，这一点上文中已经所说明，称之为“花魁”，因为梅花开于新年，正是一年之先，但是各人的意见当然也有不同的，所以有许多人则尊牡丹(peony)为“花王”，尤其是在唐代。另一面说起来，牡丹以浓艳见长，所以象征富贵，而梅花则以清瘦见长，所以象隐逸清苦。因此，前者是物质的，而后者则是精神的。中国有位文人极推崇牡丹，原因是当唐朝武则天临朝的时代，她一时忽发狂兴，诏逾苑中百花必须在冬月的某天一齐开放，百花都不敢不按时开放，当中唯有牡丹独违圣旨，比规定的时刻迟了数小时方始开花。因此触了武则天的怒，而下诏将苑中几百盆牡丹一起从京都(西安)贬到洛阳去，从此牡丹便失去了恩宠，但其种未绝，以后盛于洛阳。
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